Which of the following statements is true about saturated compounds?

Prepare for the SQA Higher Chemistry Exam with multiple choice questions, flashcards, and detailed explanations for each question. Get ready to excel in your Chemistry exam!

Saturated compounds are characterized by having only single carbon-carbon bonds, meaning that the carbon atoms are fully "saturated" with hydrogen atoms. This structure results in the maximum number of hydrogen atoms being present, as there are no double or triple bonds that would otherwise allow for additional hydrogen atoms. Consequently, the ability to form additional bonds via reactions, particularly addition reactions, is significantly limited in saturated compounds.

In contrast, unsaturated compounds contain at least one carbon-carbon double or triple bond, which allows them to participate in addition reactions where atoms or groups can add across these multiple bonds. The statement about reactivity is also accurate in that saturated compounds are generally less reactive compared to unsaturated compounds, which often undergo various types of chemical transformations due to the presence of reactive double or triple bonds.

Thus, the truth about saturated compounds lies in their structural composition, specifically their exclusive nature of single bonds between carbon atoms.

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